成人高考2022年高起点《英语》高频词汇(四)
成人高考2022年高起点《英语》高频词汇(四)
一、“every”(每一个)只作为定语使用,即必须在其后加上单数可数名词构成名词短语,它不可与everyone(每一个)混淆。everyone相当于名词,它不可修饰其他名词,只作主语或宾语
1)Every[A]knows that hospitals are institutions where the sick are treated,but how manyrealize that they were once[C]homes for the indigent and the friendless[D]?
2)Everyone[A]child in the United States mustreceive[C]some form of educational instruction[D].
例题解析
1)A错。every不可单独充当句子成分,应在其后加上person或改为everyone.
2)A错。改为Every,修饰child.
二、“much”和“many”分别修饰不可数名词和可数名词,可作为代词(如much of)和形容词使用
3)Food seasoning plays an important[A]role in the cookingcustoms of much[C]cultures in[D]the world.
4)The general sales tax has been[A]a major source of income for state governments,muchof which derive more than half[C]of their budgets from[D]it.
5)Data received from[A]two spacecraft indicate that there is many evidencethat huge thunderstorms are now occurring[C]around the equator[D]of the planet Saturn.
例题解析
3)C错。应改为of many,因为被修饰词cultures为可数名词,故其修饰语应用many,而much要修饰不可数名词。
4)B错。应改用many,因此处所指代的是可数名词governments(复数),many在本句中为代词,作非限定性定语从句的主语。
5)B错。应改为much evidence,因为evidence(证据,迹象)为不可数名词,故应用much来修饰。
三、“some”和“any”是表示不定数量的代词,相当于汉语的“一些”,作定语可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,其中some(包括它的合成词something,someone,somebody)多用于肯定句,而any(包括它的合成词anything,anyone,anybody)则用于疑问句和否定句中,其中any在否定句中相当于汉语中的“任何”;形容词修饰something,someone,somebody,anything,anyone,anybody,nothing,nobody时,形容词要放在这些词的后边
6)Historians[A]have never reached some generalagreement about[C]the precise causes of the[D]Civil War in the United States.
例题解析
6)B错。应为any general,因为本句为否定句(否定副词never),应该用any,此处表示“(没有达成过)任何共识”。
四、“another”和“other”分别表示“另外的一个”(an+other)和“另外的”“其余的”意思,可以用作定语修饰名词或单独作主语与宾语,其中前者只用来修饰或指代单数可数名词,后者修饰单复数名词和不可数名词,二者不能相互混淆
7)Lizards lack[A]the built?in body temperature controlmany another[C]creatures possess[D].
8)Some bacterium are extremely[A]harmful,but anothersare regularly[C]used in producing cheeses,crackers,and many other foods[D].
9)Like[A]most anotherart forms,the Greek tragedy had[C]its origins in religious[D]observances.
例题解析
7)C错。应改用other来修饰可数复数名词creatures.本句是一个省略了关系代词that(或which)的定语从句,control为名词作主句中及物动词(谓语)lack的宾语,同时又受其后面定语从句的修饰。
8)B错。改为others.
9)B错。改为other.
五、one与other“one”作为代词代替前面提到的人或物,它前边加the;“other”作代词修饰复数名词。“one…another”表示“一个…另一个”的意思,或表示多个(三者以上)之中的“另一个”,“又一个”;“one…the other”表示两者之中剩下的“另一个,又一个”
10)I‘d like to[A]buy a coat similarto one[C]you are wearing[D].
11)Though[A]Art Tatum was totally blind in one eye and had only slightvision in another[C],he became[D]an internationally renowned jazz musician.
一、表示人的物主代词用my,our,your,his,her和their,指无生命的东西用its(但指国家时一般用she或her),它们在句中作定语
二、名词型物主代词能作表语(It‘s theirs)、主语(Mine is there)、宾语(I don’t like hers),与of连用可以作定语(the food of theirs)。
三、同步练习
1)A scientist bases its[A]work on hypotheses thathave been checked[C]through careful[D]experimentation.
2)Crude rubber is an[A]elastic(有弹性的)solid with a specific gravity of 0.911 and a refractive index(折射率)of 1.591,though itcomposition varies with different latexes(橡浆)as well as[C]with the way it is prepared[D]at the plantation.
3)Manufacturers[A]of consumer goodsoften change[C]the styles of them[D]products.
四、例题解析
1)A错。改为his.
2)B错。改为its.
3)D错。改为their.
1.be not much of(=not a good)不是很好的…be something of有点…,像…
2.name after用…的名字命名
3.native to所产的
4.by nature天生的,生来
5.in mature本质上
6.(be)in the nature of属…性质
7.none other that不是别人,正是…
8.above normal高于正常(温度)
9.for nothing(=free,without payment)免费
10.nothing but只有,不过…而已
11.to say nothing of(=not to mention)更不用说…
12.do sth.at short notice只给很少时间准备
13.until further notice在另行通知前
14.take notice of(=pay attention)注意
15.object to(=be opposed to)反对
16.objection to(接动名词)反对
17.on occasion(=now and then)不时地,必要时
18.by occasion of(=because of)由于
19.occupy oneself with(in)忙于(某事)
20.it occurs to sb.that…某人想到…
21.once and for all=once and forever永远地all at once(=suddenly,now)立即,马上once in a while(=occasionally)偶尔(just)for once就这一次
22.(all)by oneself独自(没有别人帮助)
23.operate on sb.给某人做手术operation n.come go into operation开始运转putbring sth.into operation使…投产,运转
24.be of the opinion持有…的看法
25.in one's opinion按某人的看法
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